Learn Babel, Cloudflare and Jekyll

Cloudflare Workers is a serverless application platform that enables you to create and deploy functions to Cloudflare's Edge Network.

Unlike other serverless providers that only have regional data centers, Cloudflare's Edge Network consists of hundreds of servers all over the world.

Cloudflare Workers is a powerful platform, and this course serves as a great introduction for what it can do.

Follow along with Kristian Freeman as you build a localization engine that renders data based on the Edge location nearest to the application's user.

After this course, you'll be ready to start experimenting with your own Cloudflare Workers projects. *Need an idea?* *[Check out the suggested Portfolio Project for this course.](https://egghead.io/projects/introduction-to-cloudflare-workers)*

Cloudflare secures and ensures the reliability of your external-facing resources such as websites, APIs, and applications. It protects your internal resources such as behind-the-firewall applications, teams, and devices. And it is your platform for developing globally-scalable applications.

cloudflare

Introduction to Cloudflare Workers

Jekyll is a blog-aware static site generator. You can write text in markdown or HTML and Jekyll uses layouts to create a static website. You can tweak how you want the site URLs to look, what data gets displayed on the site, and more.

After watching the collection you'll be able to:

* Install Jeykll and run it locally
* Create a new blog post
* Install plugins to add new features to your blog

Jekyll is a parsing engine bundled as a ruby gem used to build static websites from dynamic components such as templates, partials, liquid code, markdown, etc. Jekyll is known as "a simple, blog aware, static site generator".

jekyll

Create A Blog With Jekyll

Babel has support for the latest version of JavaScript through syntax transformers. These plugins allow you to use new syntax, right now without waiting for browser support.

babel

Converting all of our modern JavaScript into ES5 compatible syntax is a great way to use modern features while targeting older browsers. What happens when the browsers natively support these language features? Then it no longer makes sense to transform that code or to include polyfills that will go unused. In this lesson, we’ll add the `@babel/polyfill` package and configure `babel-preset-env`

Target specific browsers with babel-preset-env and the babel pollyfill

React is one of the web’s most popular frameworks for building JavaScript applications. 

If you know what you’re doing, React can drastically simplify how you build, use, and maintain code.

Whether you’re a React newbie or you’re ready for advanced techniques, you can level-up with egghead. Explore our in-depth courses, lessons, and community resources to build more powerful applications and crack open your career.

react

We take the opengraph image we wrote in codesandbox and copy it into our serverless function. We use Rollup to compile the component into an IIFE (immediately invoked function expression) that can run in our headless browser environment and cover a wide set of rollup plugins that we need for compatibility. We end the lesson having successfully screenshot our opengraph react component from our Netlify Function

Compiling a React to an IIFE with Rollup to execute and render in a headless browser

Jekyll is a blog-aware, static site generator written in Ruby. 

Requirements:
* Ruby version 2.5.0 or above
* RubyGems

Install the Jekyll Ruby gem on macOS quickly with just a few terminal commands and have a blog-aware site running locally.

Install Jekyll and Create a New Project

Blogging is built into Jekyll. You write blog posts as markdown or HTML files and Jekyll turns them blog posts. They follow a specific naming convention to be picked up and used by Jekyll

All blog post files require front matter. Front matter is a snippet of YAML at the top of a file. Front matter is used to set your layouts and meta data.

Create New Blog Post with Jekyll

Jekyll has a plugin system that allows you to add custom features to your site. There are many plugins available or you can even write your own. You can view a list of plugins at [Planet Jekyll](https://github.com/planetjekyll/awesome-jekyll-plugins)

Liquid is a templating language written in Ruby to output to the browser 

[Liquid Documentation](https://shopify.github.io/liquid/)

Install a Jekyll Plugin

Using NPM, you can install Cloudflare Workers' CLI (command-line interface), Wrangler, by typing `npm install -g @cloudflare/wrangler` into your command line. Wrangler allows you to generate and publish Cloudflare Workers projects. We'll also use the `wrangler login` command which will give you a link to authorize Wrangler. This will set up an API token specifically for your Wrangler installation that will allow you to publish and read all the Workers and Workers KV information that you need.

Install and Configure the Cloudflare Workers CLI Wrangler

To deploy a Cloudflare Workers serverless function, you'll need to sign up for a free Cloudflare Workers account at [workers.cloudflare.com](http://workers.cloudflare.com/), and select your unique workers.dev subdomain to deploy your functions to.

Create a Cloudflare Workers Account

Wranglers generate command, `wrangler generate`, allows you to create new Cloudflare Workers projects. Using the URL parameter, you can also generate new projects based on Cloudflare's starter templates, or open-source projects created by other developers, but for now, you will just use the default. To do this you'll only need to give it a name, for example, `wrangler generate my-worker`,  this will create a new project called my-worker. 

Generate New Cloudflare Workers Projects with Wrangler's generate Command

We'll take a look at the default code in `index.js` in a Workers project. We'll take a second to understand how it works before building the rest of our project. 

First will see what our Worker looks like in an actual browser by running `wrangler preview`. In a terminal, and we'll check out how Serverless functions in Cloudflare Workers listen for HTTPS requests via the "fetch" event and respond to them by creating and returning a new Response.

Write Your First Cloudflare Workers Serverless Function

Using `wrangler whoami` in a terminal we'll grab our account id so we can paste our id into the double quotes of `account_id = ""`  inside of `wrangler.toml` file. Using the `wrangler dev` command we can look at our Workers serverless function and test it before deploying it. Once we're ready to deploy, we can use the `wrangler publish` command to deploy it to our unique workers.dev subdomain.

Preview and Publish Your Cloudflare Workers Project

By updating the response body and setting a corresponding Content-Type header, we can render HTML pages from directly inside of our Cloudflare Workers function.

We will update our Cloudflare Worker to return a call to a template function that we define. That template function returns a string of HTML that we will render in the browser.

Render HTML Pages with Cloudflare Workers

Up until now, we've been rendering plain responses, not based on any information coming in with a request. The request.cf object sent with every incoming HTTP request to a Workers function has a ton of interesting information, including the regionality of the request, and which Cloudflare data center is responding to the request. Using this information, we'll render a dynamic HTML page based on where the user visiting our site is in the world.

Render Cloudflare Region Data for a Request Using request.cf

Deploying to your unique workers.dev subdomain is a great way to test your serverless functions before they're ready to go to production. Once you are ready to deploy to production, you can use Wrangler's environment feature to deploy to your zone, or Cloudflare-managed domain, by providing the "-e" (environment) flag when publishing.

You can check this worker out [here](https://hello-world-worker.signalnerve.com/).

Deploy to a Custom Domain with Cloudflare Wrangler Environments

We can write our package using the latest JavaScript syntax with a compilation step. In this lesson we will install `babel-cli` and `babel-preset-latest` and wire up a `build` script to compile our code using the babel “latest” preset when source files change. This means those using our package can use it in any version of JavaScript even though we are using the latest syntax for our source code.

Set up compilation of source code using babel with npm scripts

Gulp is a toolkit for automating painful or time-consuming tasks in your development workflow, so you can stop messing around and build something.

gulp

What is already a nice workflow using Gulp, Browserify, Watchify & Browsersync to enable auto rebuilds & live browser reloading can be further improved by adding Babelify. A simple wrapper around the popular transpiler Babel, Babelify can ‘transform’ source files as they pass through our stream to enable certain Javascript features not yet available in the Browser or Node. We end the lesson by looking at how to generate & extract sourcemaps using `exorcist`.

Gulp and Browserify - Adding Babel & Source Maps

Babel is a compiler that lets us right future JavaScript not yet fully in browsers (ES6 / ES2015, ES7 / ES2016, etc) and transpile it back into code that can be used now. We'll walk through installing babel, writing some future JS syntax, transpiling it, and running it in a browser.

**This lesson is out of date and uses an older version of Babel.**

Writing next generation JavaScript with Babel 5 (out of date)

Webpack loaders are how you tell webpack to resolve your dependencies and you can use a loader built for the babel transpiler to easily enable ES6 code in your project. Full sourcemap support is also available using webpack's devtool property.

Webpack Loaders, Source Maps, and ES6

[Jekyll](https://jekyllrb.com/) is a static site generator built in [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/) and available to generate and host websites on [GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com/). In this course, you'll install the Jekyll gem, use the command line tool to generate a new project, inspect the scaffolded project, and finally, serve the starter website.

Install Jekyll and generate initial, scaffolded website

In this lesson, we’ll install Babel and use it from the terminal to see how it can take JavaScript that uses modern language features and output JavaScript that will run in down-level browsers.

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