Learn Ember, Tailwind and Xstate

Tailwind is a utility-first CSS framework for rapidly building custom user interfaces.

tailwind

Convert the Chatbot to We-Wingit

[Tailwind](https://tailwindcss.com/) is an atomic CSS framework that makes styling an application more consistent and maintainable. In this lesson, we look at building out a similar UI to Twitter using only Tailwind classes.

Additionally, we use a heart icon from Feather Icons for our like button, and create a new `<GitHubButton />` component that displays a nicely styled GitHub logo to trigger the user authentication flow.

## Resources

- [Tailwind docs](https://tailwindcss.com/)
- [Feather Icons](https://feathericons.com/)
- [GitHub Logo](http://github.com/logos)

Style a Twitter clone with Tailwind CSS

We will go through and add tailwind to our project and create a simple navbar. Tailwind is an incredibly easy to learn 'utility-first' css framework. 

Tailwind has a great CLI to help initialize the set up for use so that we don't have to create every config file by hand.

When you run `npx tailwindcss init tailsind.config.cjs -p` you'll have the proper postcss and tailwind config files create. 

We will then add the tailwind base styles to our global css and point tailwind to all the files we want it to process.

From there we'll get some practice in by building out a `<Navbar />` component that will have some basic styles applied.

Add TailwindCSS to a SvelteKit Project and Build a NavBar Component

We are starting from scratch! To create a new Next.js application we'll run `npx create-next-app` and pass in the `with-tailwindcss` flag to include Tailwind.

Then we will clear out the initial page and write in hello world.

Bootstrap a New Next.js Application with Tailwind using create-next-app

Jotai's state management is primitive and flexible. This gives you room to build, compose, and share state throughout your application exactly how you need it.

This flexibility can become hard to manage when you have complex requirements that span across a number of states your application can be in.

Jotai lets you leverage other state management solutions through integrations so that you can solve the problem you're facing exactly how you need to.

One of those integrations is XState. XState gives you a safe abstraction to enumerate and handle the complex states your application can be in.

With Jotai + XState, you get the flexibility and ease of use of Jotai with the power of XState.

XState is a sophisticated library to provide a better and safer abstraction for state management. 

React is one of the web’s most popular frameworks for building JavaScript applications. 

If you know what you’re doing, React can drastically simplify how you build, use, and maintain code.

Whether you’re a React newbie or you’re ready for advanced techniques, you can level-up with egghead. Explore our in-depth courses, lessons, and community resources to build more powerful applications and crack open your career.

react

Complex State Management in React with Jotai and XState

Statecharts are a formalism for modeling stateful, reactive systems. This is useful for declaratively describing the behavior of your application, from the individual components to the overall application logic.

xstate

Sometimes adding initial values through the jotai Provider is not what you want. Provider will create a whole new store with atom values

One way to initialize a state machine inside Jotai is to turn our initial `lightAtom` into a function `createLightAtom`. This function will take an `initial` property that we can pass to `createLightMachine` when we declare the function. We will then useEffect to initialize our lightMachine.

There is a small limitation with this pattern, the machine is initialized with it's default value and then over ridden with the value we pass in the effect. The initial render will use that default value while the second render will have the value we passed in.


Initialize a Xstate Machine with Jotai Atom in Atom Pattern

We currently have a machine that displays a circle of green. When you click it, it will cycle through green, yellow, and Red.

What if you wanted to pass XState initial values from Jotai, you'll need to use the `initialValues` prop on Jotai Provider and pass a list of pair (atom and value) to it.

To do this we'll refactor the creation of the lightMachine to be a function that accepts an atom as an initial value.

One note to be aware of is that this initial value will only be set when the XState machines instantiate.


Provide XState with Initial Values through Jotai Provider

Sometimes you need to display values in specific ways throughout your application based on the state that you are managing. The way to do this is to derive your state so you don't have to track multiple stateful items.

In Jotai, this is accomplished by creating an atom, getting the value from another atom that you are managing (in this case from Xstate), and using that value how you need it in your derived atom. This atom will be re-evaluated every time the managed state changes.

This pattern is great to use if you have complex state managed in something like Xstate but need a derived state value that is not strongly tied to that managed state. The pattern works the same for async and synchronous function calls as well as pulling in multiple atoms and libraries to use in your derived state.


Derive Jotai Atom State from Complex State Managed in Xstate 

Jotai has a primitive and flexible API, because of this it's up to you on how you manage your state within an atom. 

Sometimes your state is complex enough to warrant a sophisticated library for safer abstraction. This is where you can install xstate to your application and Jotai will work seamlessly with the state machines that you define using `atomWithMachine`.

This allows you to consume the machine like any other atom in your components with `useAtom`. 

As an added bonus, I'll show you how to use xstate's visualizer to develop and interact with your state machine in dev tools. 


Handle Complex State in Jotai with XState using atomWithMachine

We use the Message component we built in the very first video to render messages from the server's dummy data. Use some simple logic to conditionally render the message author's information. Learn how to tweak the line height of a paragraph of text.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-19-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-19-end)

Using Components to Dynamically Generate the Channel's Messages

Use Tailwind's responsive prefixes to apply specific classes only at certain breakpoints. Learn about two approaches for adjusting your UI for different screen sizes – sprinkling responsive prefixes on existing templates, or creating new chunks of markup to use at specific screen widths.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-21-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-21-end)

Using Responsive Design to Hide the Desktop Navigation

Let's round out our clone by replacing all static links with the mock data file, making sure the navigation works at every step.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-20-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-20-end)

Dynamically Generating the Server and Channel Navs

Add the @tailwindcss/forms plugin to ensure input fields are easily styleable using Tailwind's utility classes. Add the search bar and customize the placeholder to match Discord's UI.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-18-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-18-end)

Styling the Search Box Using the Forms Plugin

Learn how to use the flexbox-shrink utility to choose which parts of our multi-column layout shrink or expand to accommodate the available space. Use the truncate utility to add ellipses when the channel description is too long.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-17-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-17-end)

Building the Channel Header with Flexbox Shrink and Truncating Text

Use some simple React state to toggle categories open and closed. Filter out channels based on their unread and closed state. Use Tailwind's transform and transition utilities to animate a category's arrow to the right.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-16-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-16-end)

Building Collapsible Categories with Rotating Arrow Icons

Learn how to use a simple variable to improve the readability of our code when styling more than two states. Add an unread indicator to the new inactive and unread state. Use the active prefix to style the channel links for the active CSS pseudostate.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-15-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-15-end)

Using a State Variable to Add Unread States to the Channel Nav

Use nested dynamic router segments along with the Next.js Link Component to tie our channel links to new URLs. Learn why you should separate out UI states in order to avoid CSS conflicts.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-14-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-14-end)

Styling the Active Channel Link with a New Dynamic URL Segment

See how to dynamically generate our lists of channels using a React component and Tailwind's spacing utilities, and learn how this is often enough to reduce any duplication we have in our templates.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-13-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-13-end)

Identifying Repeated Patterns while Dynamically Generating the Channel List

Learn how to use the space, padding, and margin utilities to properly layout a list of items while styling the channel list. Use the group and hover utilities to add interactivity.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-12-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-12-end)

Styling the Channel List and Controlling Layout

To build the server header, we'll override Tailwind's default shadows with three values from Discord's design system. We'll also use the JIT compiler's bracket syntax to get a pixel-perfect match with Discord's UI. Arbitrary values are a powerful way to break out of your design system's values while still being able to use Tailwind's APIs directly in your HTML.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-11-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-11-end)

Building the Server Header using Arbitrary Values from the JIT Compiler

Reusing our custom server selector will result in lots of duplicate markup. Tailwind doesn't attempt to solve this duplication problem on its own, but instead encourages us to use whatever tools for code reuse we already have at our disposal. Let's make a NavLink React component to make our custom treatment easy to reuse and change.

The code for this lesson is divided into two sections, with this you can see the progress on the code.

1. [Begin](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-10-begin)
2. [End](https://github.com/samselikoff/egghead-tailwind-disord-course/tree/main/lesson-10-end)

Solving the Duplication Problem with Components


[Shadcn](https://ui.shadcn.com/docs) is a popular component library that allows you to install components into your codebase.

This lesson will show you how to install the [Table component](https://ui.shadcn.com/docs/components/table) and use that presentational component with [Tanstack table](https://tanstack.com/table/latest).


Create a Table Component with Shadcn and Tanstack Table

Build a dynamic table component in React using shadcn component library and tanstack react table.

TypeScript's satisfies operator finally clicked for me when I realized it's almost always used for specific implementations of configuration objects. So this lesson walks you through the naive approaches I've taken before and how to solve them using the satisfies operator. After this, satisfies will be another tool in your belt in TypeScript. To clean up all the TypeScript code you have around configuration.

TypeScript's "satisfies" for Configuration

Windsurf and Cursor are both able to take an image and then use an agent to build out what it sees in that image. This lesson is going to compare Windsurf and Cursor by uploading the same image to both and giving them the same prompt. Comparing not only the results, but also the steps that they take to get there. We'll also try uploading additional images throughout the process to see what they do as far as revising along the way and improving the site as they go along. 

Windsurf Cascade vs. Cursor Composer Agent: Build a Site from an Image

In this lesson, you'll discover how to style View Transitions using CSS pseudo-selectors to create custom animation effects. We'll transform the default cross-fade into a smooth slide transition by targeting the ::view-transition-old and ::view-transition-new pseudo-elements. You'll learn how these powerful selectors give you precise control over your transition animations, allowing you to create more engaging and personalized user experiences with just a few lines of CSS.

Customize View Transitions with CSS Using view-transition-old and view-transition-new

In this lesson, you'll learn how to implement smooth state transitions in your web applications using the browser's built-in View Transitions API. We'll create a simple example that demonstrates how to animate between different text states with just a few lines of code - no external libraries required. This powerful native API makes it easy to add professional-looking transitions to your user interface, enhancing the user experience with minimal effort.

Create Smooth UI Transitions with the Native View Transitions API

I've been using Cursor for a very long time and their "Agent" feature in Composer is fairly new, so I'm still getting used to it. But since Windsurf recently got onto the stage with their Cascade agent, they've slowly been gaining the mind share on the UX for coding agents. I decided to put them to the test by putting Windsurf and Cursor on the exact same screen side by side trying to accomplish the same task and to see which workflow I would prefer. I've been a diehard Cursor user for over a year now, so it's going to take a lot for me to switch to a different IDE. But I just have to say, even from this simple demo, Windsurf is looking pretty nice.

This lesson is just going to walk through creating a CLI using both tools to print out inspirational quotes and to explore how they approach the step-by-step of installing packages and running commands and setting up all the files we need to get this running.

Windsurf Cascade vs. Cursor Composer Agent Side-by-Side Comparison

This TypeScript tutorial explains how to use generics, allowing for different types to be passed as arguments. It discusses the use of shorthand syntax in generics and illustrates with examples. This method is useful for library creation, providing type safety and control to the user.

```typescript
interface PhotoMetadata<T> {
  title: string;
  takenAt: Date;
  customData: T;
}

// Function that processes a photo with custom metadata
function processPhoto<T>(photo: PhotoMetadata<T>): {
  processedTitle: string;
  daysSinceCapture: number;
  customDataSummary: T;
} {
  const today = new Date();
  const daysSinceCapture = Math.floor(
    (today.getTime() - photo.takenAt.getTime()) / (1000 * 60 * 60 * 24)
  );

  return {
    processedTitle: photo.title.toUpperCase(),
    daysSinceCapture,
    customDataSummary: photo.customData
  };
}

// Example usage with different custom data shapes
type CameraSettings = {
  iso: number;
  aperture: string;
  shutterSpeed: string;
}

type LocationData = {
  latitude: number;
  longitude: number;
  locationName: string;
}

// Using with camera settings
const photoWithCamera: PhotoMetadata<CameraSettings> = {
  title: "Sunset at beach",
  takenAt: new Date('2024-01-15'),
  customData: {
    iso: 100,
    aperture: "f/2.8",
    shutterSpeed: "1/1000"
  }
};

// Using with location data
const photoWithLocation: PhotoMetadata<LocationData> = {
  title: "Mountain vista",
  takenAt: new Date('2024-02-01'),
  customData: {
    latitude: 45.5231,
    longitude: -122.6765,
    locationName: "Mount Hood"
  }
};

const processedCameraPhoto = processPhoto(photoWithCamera);
const processedLocationPhoto = processPhoto(photoWithLocation);

processedCameraPhoto.customDataSummary.iso
processedLocationPhoto.customDataSummary.longitude

```

Basic Explanation of Typescript Generics

A very basic explanation of generic function arguments

I've been using Cursor as my primary editor for over a year now, but recently I've heard wonderful things about Windsurf AI Agent features. I decided to record myself building out something I've always wanted to make, but never made the time for.

In this lesson, I demonstrate how to leverage Windsurf's powerful agent process to create a fun word-guessing game inspired by Heads Up. Watch as I build an interactive application featuring category selection and word navigation, complete with data hosting on GitHub Gists and deployment to GitHub Pages - all in under 30 minutes (before editing the lesson down to 12 minutes)!

What makes this project particularly exciting is how Windsurf eliminates the typical friction points of development. While this game was always on my project wishlist, the overhead of setup, configuration, and deployment made it hard to justify the time investment. Windsurf's agent process handles all these pain points seamlessly, from managing URLs to orchestrating deployment.

This lesson perfectly showcases how AI agents can help developers bring their backlog of project ideas to life, transforming what would typically be time-consuming tasks into efficient, enjoyable development experiences.

Build a Word Game with Windsurf's Cascade AI Agent



Discover how to harness the power of Cursor IDE's Composer Agent feature to optimize your code. In this lesson, you'll witness an AI agent doing all the work to generate test suites, implement performance benchmarks, and create optimized function variations - all without writing a single line of code. You'll learn how to validate performance improvements through data-driven benchmarking, ensuring that optimizations are backed by concrete metrics rather than speculation. This hands-on demonstration showcases a groundbreaking approach to automated function development that combines the precision of test-driven development with the efficiency of AI-powered optimization.


Agent-Driven Development in Cursor: Testing, Benchmarking, and Optimizing Functions

This course is aimed for using `zod` effectively in projects based on TypeScript (both browser and node.js). The benefits you gain with this course is not just simply coding, but also understanding when/why/how should you perform runtime validation.

`zod` is the missing piece to TypeScript's capabilities, which can guarantee type-safety only in compile-time.

`zod` can be used whenever the compiler cannot guarantee what happens in runtime. And... it's a very frequent usecase, such as HTTP calls, websockets, etc.

In this course you get quickly up and running by:
1. using `zod` with primitives and objects
2. adapting `zod` quickly to existing projects thanks to automatic generators
3. changing the strategy frm type-first to schema-first
4. using error-throwing `parse` or non-error-throwing `safeParse` basing on your needs
5. applying `zod` to the most common usecase - validating API responses
6. handling errors the most convenient way (out of many!)

Take advantage of runtime validation with `zod`. Take advantage of the detailed lessons in this course 🔥

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