Learn Firefox, Natural and Particle

In this course we’ll work through Natural’s API for natural language processing in JavaScript. We’ll look at how to process text: learning how to break up language strings, find the word roots, work with inflectors, find sequences of words, and tag parts of speech. We’ll learn how to find important stats about a body of text: how to compare strings, how to classify text with machine learning, how to use the tf-idf tool to find relevant words. We’ll look at some of the extra tools Natural gives us, including the dictionary/thesaurus of WordNet, a phonetics comparer that lets us see if two words sound the same, and a spellcheck feature. We’ll also look at tries and digraphs, two data structures that help us better analyze bodies of text.

Natural is a general natural language facility for nodejs. Tokenizing, stemming, classification, phonetics, tf-idf, WordNet, string similarity, and some inflections are currently supported.

natural

Natural Language Processing in JavaScript with Natural

We will learn about “stemming,” the process of finding the root of words, often in order to group words by a common base root. We will look at the Porter and Lancaster Stemmers, briefly touch on Natural’s support for Russian and Spanish stemmers, and introduce the function to stem and tokenize at the same time.

Find the roots of words using stemming in Natural

Inflectors are the modifiers of a word that indicate grammatical categories. While Natural’s coverage of inflectors is not comprehensive, we will show how Natural can pluralize/singularize nouns and count numbers. 

Pluralizing nouns and counting numbers with inflectors in Natural

N-grams are sequences of words, where the 'n' stands for the number of words in the sequence. In this lesson, we will see how to find bigrams (2-grams), trigrams (3-grams), and any other length n-gram in a body of text. 

Find sequences of words (n-grams) using Natural

We will learn how to compare how similar two strings are to each other, examining three algorithms: Jaro-Winkler, Levenshtein, and Dice’s Coefficient.  

You should note that none of these algorithms are inherently better than the others. Instead, it's important to choose the one that best fits your text data. 

Compare similarity of strings through string distance in Natural

In this lesson, we will learn how to train a Naive Bayes classifier or a Logistic Regression classifier - basic machine learning algorithms - in order to classify text into categories.

Classify text into categories with machine learning in Natural

In this lesson, we will learn how to train a Naive Bayes classifier and a Logistic Regression classifier - basic machine learning algorithms - on JSON text data, and classify it into categories.

While this dataset is still considered a small dataset -- only a couple hundred points of data -- we'll start to get better results.

The general rule is that Logistic Regression will work better than Naive Bayes, but only if there is enough data. Since this is still a pretty small dataset, Naive Bayes works better here. Generally, Logistic Regression takes longer to train as well. 

This uses data from Ana Cachopo: http://ana.cachopo.org/datasets-for-single-label-text-categorization

Classify JSON text data with machine learning in Natural

Tries are a data structure that provide an efficient way to search for the existence of a word or phrase in a body of text, or to search by prefix. 

Search more efficiently with tries using Natural

In this lesson, we’ll see how to use Natural’s probabilistic spell-checker, which uses the trie data structure. 

Include spell-check in text projects using Natural

Tf-idf, or term frequency-inverse document frequency, is a statistic that indicates how important a word is to the entire document. This lesson will explain term frequency and inverse document frequency, and show how we can use tf-idf to identify the most relevant words in a body of text. 

Identify the most important words in a document using tf-idf in Natural

In this lesson, we’ll take a look at Natural’s phonetics feature. We’ll learn how to check whether two words sound alike, looking at both the SoundEx and Metaphone algorithms.

Check if words sound alike using Natural

This lesson introduces WordNet, which is an important resource in natural language processing. With WordNet, we can look up a word’s definition, or find its synonyms.

Find a word’s definition using WordNet in Natural

An important component of many natural language processing projects is being able to identify the grammar of a piece of text. We’ll learn how to do that with Natural’s parts of speech (POS) tagger.  

There are many tags, and it's worth looking them up online (search "POS tag symbols") to become familiar with them all. 

The setup of the tagger may seem a little strange, but it allows you to replace the lexicon or the rules with a different lexicon or rule set of your choice. 

Tag parts of speech using Natural

By this point we've seen that classification can take a long time, and with more data, it would take even longer. Luckily, Natural provides support to save your classifiers. In this lesson, we will learn how to save a classifier and load it into a new project in order to classify new data.

Using machine learning classifiers in a new project

A part of Natural Language Processing (NLP) is processing text by “tokenizing” language strings. This means we can break up a string of text into parts by word, sentence, etc. In this lesson, we will use the `natural` library to tokenize a string. First, we will break the string into words using `WordTokenizer`, `WordPunctTokenizer`, and `TreebankWordTokenizer`. Then we will break the string into sentences using `RegexpTokenizer`.

Break up language strings into parts using Natural

React is one of the web’s most popular frameworks for building JavaScript applications. 

If you know what you’re doing, React can drastically simplify how you build, use, and maintain code.

Whether you’re a React newbie or you’re ready for advanced techniques, you can level-up with egghead. Explore our in-depth courses, lessons, and community resources to build more powerful applications and crack open your career.

react

The React Developer Tools are an extension that can be added to Chrome and Firefox to help with debugging React applications. In this lesson, we walk through how to use these developer tools to view, edit, and debug your React components, including: the `React` browser tab, inspecting components in parallel with the `Elements` tab, using React components in the console, searching by component name, and debugging component state and props.

Debugging components with the React Developer Tools extension

particle

Before powering up the Particle Photon we are going to look at what each of the components are on the board.

Particle Photon Component Overview

WAI-ARIA, the Accessible Rich Internet Applications Suite, defines a way to make Web content and Web applications more accessible to people with disabilities. It especially helps with dynamic content and advanced user interface controls developed with Ajax, HTML, JavaScript, and related technologies. 

aria

Animations can make people sick, or worse! By adding animation toggles and listening in to the user's system preference for reducing motion on OSX and iOS, we can give them more control over our interfaces. Animation can be a safety issue; let's do something about it!

Warning: there is a flashing animation in the video.

In this lesson:
- [prefers-reduced-motion](https://webkit.org/blog/7551/responsive-design-for-motion/)

WCAG 2.1, Guideline 2.3: Seizure risks
- https://www.w3.org/WAI/WCAG21/quickref/?versions=2.0#qr-seizure-does-not-violate

Your Interactive Makes Me Sick
- https://source.opennews.org/articles/motion-sick/

Accessible animations with reduced motion

The Chrome Developer Tools (DevTools for short), are a set of web authoring and debugging tools built into Google Chrome.

chrome-devtools

The axe browser extension (for Chrome and Firefox) is an immensely helpful tool for auditing web pages for accessibility defects.  This extension is powered by the same rules engine developed by Deque Labs in their axe-core open source library which also powers the react-axe development tool.  Each reported defect offers a ton of information about the defect, why it's a problem, severity level, groups impacted and ways to fix the defect.  This can be a great resource for learning more about how to write accessible code.

## Resources
* [Chrome browser extension](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/axe-web-accessibility-tes/lhdoppojpmngadmnindnejefpokejbdd)
* [Firefox browser extension](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/axe-devtools/)

Use the axe Browser Extension to Audit a Web Page for Accessibility Issues

tota11y is a great tool to add to your accessibility auditing toolkit.  tota11y is a browser extension available for Chrome and Firefox that helps visualize accessibility violations (and successes), while educating on best practices.  It can make for a really helpful supplement to other accessibility auditing tools.

## Resources
* [About tota11y](https://khan.github.io/tota11y/)
* [Chrome browser extension](https://chrome.google.com/webstore/detail/tota11y-plugin-from-khan/oedofneiplgibimfkccchnimiadcmhpe?hl=en)
* [Firefox browser extension](https://addons.mozilla.org/en-US/firefox/addon/tota11y-accessibility-toolkit/)

Use tota11y to Visualize Accessibility Issues

Using our accessibility auditing toolkit we can find issues concerning landmark regions in our web application.  The react-axe library will report findings in the JavaScript console of the browser.  We could also run the axe browser extension to see the same results.  The tota11y browser extension will annotate any landmark regions on the page and therefore if none are annotated it may indicate that they aren't any (_NOTE: tota11y will only annotate landmark regions using aria roles and not those using HTML5 elements_).  Finally using the VoiceOver Rotor in Safari will show us whatever landmark regions have been defined in the Landmarks menu. 

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