Learn Flow, Nginx and Rust

In this course, Chris takes a README-driven approach to build out a Rust CLI that supports content authoring for a digital garden.

Specifically, you'll work through the first command for the CLI, writing files. You start by initializing a new Cargo binary crate through creating the `write` command that allows you to create files (and their contents) to the folder that you set. 

Step by step you'll learn about:
- Handling user input
- Error handling
- Rust Move semantics
- Rust Copy semantics
- Integration testing

...and more!

Rust is a systems programming language that runs blazingly fast, prevents segfaults, and guarantees thread safety.

rust

Creating a Digital Garden CLI with Rust

[Rustlings](https://github.com/rust-lang/rustlings) is a set of exercises that serves as a great introduction to the Rust language. It covers many concepts from the [Rust book](https://doc.rust-lang.org/book/) by asking you to work through sets of exercises.

This collection walks you through Rustlings in a way that explains what's going on in each exercise. We cover everything from basic types to generics and threading.

Learning Rust by Working Through the Rustlings Exercises

Rust is a modern language that is close to the metal. It's got the performance of C, but with a more friendly syntax and community.

It's also memory safe, and ensures your applications are bug free by catching errors at compile time instead of runtime.

These features make Rust a great choice for developing code for embedded systems, web servers, and CLI apps. You can even compile Rust into WebAssembly in order to run it in-browser!

But as the saying goes, "before you learn to run, you must learn to walk".

In this course, you will write your first Rust application.

Starting from “Hello World” you’ll quickly move on to learning about Rust’s types, configuration files, and the `cargo` package manager along with classics like functions, loops, and handling user input.

More Rust-specific concepts like macros and pattern matching will also be introduced.

Check out these [**community notes for this course on Github**](https://github.com/eggheadio-projects/write-your-first-program-with-the-rust-language).

Next Steps: [Basic Types in Rust](https://egghead.io/playlists/data-types-in-rust-ab72)

Write Your First Program with the Rust Language

This collection contains videos that explore the basic types in Rust, including **Fixed size Integer**, **Pointer sized Integer**, **Boolean**, **Strings**, **Characters**, **Arrays**, **Tuples** and more.

If you're just starting out learning Rust and [wrote your first program](https://egghead.io/courses/write-your-first-program-with-the-rust-language), this collection is the right place to get more familiar with the language!

Basic Types in Rust

Many languages work on a compilation story to WebAssembly, but Rust is already ready for primetime. Why?


- Rust is a stable language and great replacement for C and C++. 
- Due to the reference and borrowing concept, Rust doesn’t need a Garbage Collector and can be used for a production-ready WebAssembly project. 
- The Rust/Wasm team has built some sophisticated tooling for straightforward interoperability between Rust and JavaScript.

This course gives you the tools to compile to WebAssembly with Rust. Over 11 lessons, we’ll set up a project and explore various paths of communication and interoperability between Rust and JavaScript.

Using WebAssembly with Rust

flow

We'll go over some of the built-in types in Flow and how to add them to our projects by adding type annotations to our variables in JavaScript. We'll also learn about type mismatch errors when we give a variable a value that doesn't match its type annotation and how to fix it.

Primitive Types in Flow

NGINX is a free, open-source, high-performance HTTP server and reverse proxy, as well as an IMAP/POP3 proxy server. 

nginx

Learn about the concepts of managing data within Docker volumes, including all of the commands to create and manage volumes. We'll demonstrate how to mount a Docker volume to one or many containers by creating and mounting a volume to an Nginx proxy, and then verify the output with curl. You'll also see how changes to files within volumes of one container propagate to other containers with the same volume mounted, and learn various commands to inspect Docker volumes.

Manage Data within Docker Volumes

Let's learn how to set up Facebook's Flow inside of a project and write a simple typecheck task that will let us run Flow against any files in our codebase.

Up and Running with Facebook Flow for Typed JavaScript

Learn how to setup an Nginx proxy server with Docker that sits in front of a Node.js app. You can use a proxy to control the flow of frontend requests hitting your app, as well as to achieve better performance and scalability. We'll create a sample Node.js app, configure a default Nginx configuration file for proxying web requests, build both Node.js and Nginx Docker images, and learn how to link everything up and get it running with Docker specifics.

Setup an Nginx Proxy for a Node.js App with Docker

React is one of the web’s most popular frameworks for building JavaScript applications. 

If you know what you’re doing, React can drastically simplify how you build, use, and maintain code.

Whether you’re a React newbie or you’re ready for advanced techniques, you can level-up with egghead. Explore our in-depth courses, lessons, and community resources to build more powerful applications and crack open your career.

react

Nuclide is the IDE Facebook employees use to write React code. But setting it up to use Flow type checking and Eslint to lint files on the fly is tricky. This video shows you how. 

Setup Nuclide to use Flow and Eslint (Mac)

Node.js apps built with Docker cannot scale horizontally by themselves. In this lesson we will spawn out multiple Node.js processes/containers, and move the incoming request handler to an Nginx proxy to load balance and properly scale our Node.js app.

Scale Docker Horizontally with Nginx Load Balancing

In this lesson we are going to add types throughout our basic todo list component. This includes type checking the component props, local state, and property methods. 

Type Check React Components With Flow

In this lesson we are going to take a React and Redux application and add flow types throughout. This includes type checking a react component, a reducer, some actions, and a connect method. 

Type Check Redux Apps with Flow

In order to setup a project we need to install the nightly build of Rust and add the WebAssembly target. For an improved workflow we also install the CLI tools wasm-pack and wasm-gc.

Setup Rust for WebAssembly

In this lesson we are going to setup a project from scratch by introducing the JavaScript snippet to load a WebAssembly module. We demonstrate two different ways and showcase the benefit of the streaming solution. Once the module is loaded we can invoke a function previously exported from our Rust code.

Load a WebAssembly Function Written in Rust and Invoke it from JavaScript

In some cases it’s useful to be able to invoke a JavaScript function inside Rust. This session showcases how this can be done, by passing along our JavaScript functions to the WebAssembly module instantiation.

Pass a JavaScript Function to WebAssembly and Invoke it from Rust

webpack is a tool to build JavaScript modules in your application. To start using webpack from its cli or api, follow the Installation instructions. webpack simplifies your workflow by quickly constructing a dependency graph of your application and bundling them in the right order. webpack can be configured to customise optimisations to your code, to split vendor/css/js code for production, run a development server that hot-reloads your code without page refresh and many such cool features.

webpack

Interoperability between JavaScript and Rust is limited to numerics and accessing memory directly. Since this can be exhausting and overwhelming to do manually the Rust/Wasm team has created the wasm-bindgen project to facilitate high-level interactions between Rust and JavaScript.

Set up wasm-bindgen for easy Rust/JavaScript Interoperability

Having some kind of debugging tool in our belt is extremely useful before writing a lot of code. In this lesson we build a println!()-style syntax using JavaScript’s console.log to be able to log out values in Rust.

Debug a WebAssembly Module Written in Rust using console.log

While JavaScript has a garbage-collected heap, WebAssembly has a linear memory space. Nevertheless using a JavaScript ArrayBuffer, we can read and write to WebAssembly’s memory space.

Access WebAssembly Memory Directly from JavaScript

The goal of this course is to explain how to setup a project using JavaScript and WebAssembly with Rust.

We start out with building our first WebAssembly module and loading it. Then we gradually build up until to a point where we use wasm-bindgen to invoke functions and pass data between JavaScript and Rust without a hassel.

Further we explore various tools like wasm-pack to build our Rust code with ease and use them in combination with Node or Webpack.

Course Overview: Using WebAssembly with Rust

Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.

node

WebAssembly is great for targeting performance bottlenecks in the browser. Now with node-loader, we can do the same on the server through Node.js

While Node offers also bindings to native extensions for C/C++ via node-gyp, there was no straight forward way to write Rust extensions. In addition did the node-gyp API change often and developers had to be careful to make their C/C++ code work with various operating systems.

Compiling Rust to WebAssembly solves both of these issues. The API is stable and once compiled to WebAssembly it will run on every operating system supported by Node.

Since Node doesn't support loading `.wasm` files a loader is needed. The loader flag though is only supported when using the `--experimental-modules` flag in Node 10 or higher.