Learn Linux, Microsoft and Ruby

Rails is a web-application framework that includes everything needed to create database-backed web applications according to the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern.

rails

Expanding on [Part 1](https://egghead.io/lessons/angularjs-rails-todo-api-part-1), this lesson will look at how to bootstrap AngularJS in a rails application as part of the asset pipeline. With Angular available, you'll see how to communicate with the Rails API using $resource.

Rails Todo API Part 2

AngularJS is an open-source JavaScript framework, maintained by Google, that assists with running single-page applications. Its goal is to augment web-based applications with model–view–controller (MVC) capability, in an effort to make both development and testing easier.

angularjs

Rails makes an excellent choice for delivering data to AngularJS via REST apis. In this first lesson of a two part series, you'll see how to create a simple API for CRUD operations on TODOs using Rails. This isn't an introduction to Rails, and assumes you know the basics. 

Rails Todo API Part 1

Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a powerful expansive cloud infrastructure platform for building modern web applications.

AWS provides services for data, presentation, authentication, security, video encoding, and much more. Offering over 175 fully-featured services from data centers globally, AWS powers a large percentage of the internet.

Installing the AWS CLI on your local workstation may be one of the biggest boosts to productivity you can make if you use AWS often. Almost all AWS features are available via the CLI allowing you to script, schedule and automate many AWS related tasks.
In this lesson, I’ll show you how to setup and verify the AWS CLI.

Installing the AWS CLI on OS X and Linux

Create a search directive with AngularJS and Rails. You'll want to take a look at the related [Rails TODO API Part 1](https://egghead.io/lessons/angularjs-rails-todo-api-part-1) and [Rails TODO API Part 2](https://egghead.io/lessons/angularjs-rails-todo-api-part-2). This is **not** a Rails how-to, so some knowledge there is expected to get up and running.

Search Directive with Rails

Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft. Each family caters to a certain sector of the computing industry.

microsoft

For a production Windows server it makes sense to run NodeJS applications as a Windows service.  This way they can be automatically restarted if the server is rebooted.

It also makes it easier to use monitoring tools like datadog to detect if there are issues with the service which is critical for production systems.

Install a Node.js Application as a Windows Service

Express is a minimal and flexible Node.js web application framework that provides a robust set of features for web and mobile applications.

express

To replicate your production application its helpful when developing a local NodeJS Express application is running under SSL. 

There are some web technologies which do not play nicely with standard http and its likely to become more common e.g. Web Push Notifications.

This lesson will show you how to create a local SSL certificate for localhost and then convert it into a format that will work with Express.  It will also show you how to make sure that Chrome will trust it.

This lesson is for Windows as it uses a powershell command, as well as the Microsoft Management Console (MMC)
 

Create Local SSL Certificates for an Express App on Windows

Vim is a highly configurable text editor built to make creating and changing any kind of text very efficient. It is included as "vi" with most UNIX systems and with Apple OS X.

Every programmer starting to work in a *nix environment eventually finds themselves in VIM, the default text editor. Often by mistake! Because VIM lacks the typical polished GUI of normal programs, it can be hard to discover the correct sequence of commands to even exit the program. Once you learn how to exit VIM, then the next task is to also learn how to make VIM do what you want -while- exiting!

In this lesson we cover 7 different ways of exiting VIM, whether you are in EX mode or Command (also known as Escape) mode, whether you are editing a single file or several at once.

Exit Vim

Jekyll is a parsing engine bundled as a ruby gem used to build static websites from dynamic components such as templates, partials, liquid code, markdown, etc. Jekyll is known as "a simple, blog aware, static site generator".

jekyll

[Jekyll](https://jekyllrb.com/) is a static site generator built in [Ruby](https://www.ruby-lang.org/en/) and available to generate and host websites on [GitHub Pages](https://pages.github.com/). In this course, you'll install the Jekyll gem, use the command line tool to generate a new project, inspect the scaffolded project, and finally, serve the starter website.

Install Jekyll and generate initial, scaffolded website

We should not use color alone as the only visual means of conveying information, indicating an action, prompting a response, or distinguishing a visual element.  Users may not be able to see/understand the differences in color and require additional indicators.

Along with color, use additional indicators such as:
* typography
* shapes
* grids
* spaces
* and/or allocate more weight to important elements

## References:
* http://www.particletree.com/features/interfaces-and-color-blindness/
* https://www.smashingmagazine.com/2014/10/color-contrast-tips-and-tools-for-accessibility/

Use More than Color Alone to Convey Information in a Web Page

Just about every tool in our accessibility auditing toolkit can help us identify any issues with sufficient color contrast ratio on a web page.  The react-axe library and axe browser extension both report findings on all elements with insufficient contrast ratios.  The tota11y browser extension will annotate any elements with their contrast ratios and color those that are insufficient in red.  

Additionally, we need to use our experience tools to see what some of our users out there may we seeing.  We need to test with high contrast browser extensions as well as the display settings in Windows and Mac.  If our users with visual impairments are using these tools we need to see what our application looks like using them because we may find that under a certain mode some things may suddenly be harder to read or virtually invisible.

## Resources
* https://www.scottohara.me/blog/2019/02/12/high-contrast-aria-and-images.html

Test for Insufficient Color Contrast Accessibility Issues

If you make a mistake when naming your database column, and have data that you want to keep unchanged. You can use the change method with the rename_column definition in your migrations files to update a single column name in your database.

Rename A Database Column with Ruby on Rails Active Record Migrations

To run Ghost, we first need to install the ghost cli. This can be done with npm now that Node.js is installed on the server.

After installing the CLI we will create a directory `/var/www/ghost` that the actual installation of Ghost will occur in. We'll update the permissions of this file to include the `ghost-admin` user that we are logged in as.


Install Ghost CLI and Create Directory

Node.js is a platform built on Chrome's JavaScript runtime for easily building fast, scalable network applications. Node.js uses an event-driven, non-blocking I/O model that makes it lightweight and efficient, perfect for data-intensive real-time applications that run across distributed devices.

node

Ghost has two hard dependencies which need to be installed before it can run. Those are Nginx and Node.js.

We will start by installing Nginx and set Nginx up to control the traffic coming into the EC2 server. After this, we'll install NVM using the raw install script that they provide on GitHub. With NVM installed we can then install the latest version of Node.js


Install Nginx and Node.js on a AWS EC2 Server

Now that we are SSH'ed into our EC2 instance we can start modifying the server to actually run the application that we want to to run. Before we do that we want to switch users because you initially SSH you are the root user.

We will start by adding a `ghost-admin` user that we will give sudo permissions to. Once we are logged into that user we will update the server to ensure we are on the latest and greatest versions before installing additional software.


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