Learn Gulp, Mongodb and Postgres

This course provides a practical introduction to MongoDB, a leading NoSQL document database. You will learn how to set up a local MongoDB environment using Docker and then dive into essential database operations. By the end of this course, you will know how to:

- Create and manage MongoDB collections.
- Insert, filter, update, and delete documents.
- Perform complex queries using logical operators and expressions.
- Manipulate data within arrays and nested fields.
- Rename fields and manage date and time properties.
- Execute multiple operations efficiently using bulk operations.

Effectively manage and interact with MongoDB databases. Being proficient with databases is a crucial skill in modern app development.

Tomasz Ducin

Get Started with MongoDB

Learn MongoDB setup with Docker, manage collections, documents, queries, data manipulation, and bulk operations. Essential for modern app development.

In this lesson, we learn that replacing a document in a MongoDB collection is done using the `replaceOne` method, which does **not** have a _replaceMany_ equivalent.

We demonstrate how to search for a specific document, such as one with the name "Alice Smith," and replace it with a new document containing updated information like "John Doe."

This operation completely removes all existing fields from the original document and replaces them with those in the new document. After running the operation, we verify that only the new data remains in the collection.


Replace Documents in MongoDB Collections using replaceOne

Replace documents in MongoDB collections using replaceOne to completely overwrite existing documents with new data based on specified queries.

In this lesson, we learn that we can store datetime properties in MongoDB documents using the `$currentDate` operator.

We demonstrate how to create a new date property for a document, such as one for "Bob Johnson," by simply applying the operator.

We also show how to update multiple properties at once and set them as either Date or timestamp types.

By using `$currentDate`, we can easily manage and modify date-related information in our MongoDB documents, ensuring accurate time tracking.

Create or Modify Datetime properties using $currentDate in MongoDB

Create or modify datetime properties in MongoDB using $currentDate to set fields as Date or timestamp types for efficient date management

In this lesson, we learn that renaming fields in MongoDB documents can be accomplished with the `$rename` operator.

We demonstrate how to use the `updateOne` method to target a specific document, such as one with the name "Bob Johnson."

By specifying the old field names and their new counterparts, like changing position to title and skills to competence, we can effectively update our document structure.

Rename fields in MongoDB Documents

Rename fields in MongoDB documents using the $rename operator with updateOne or updateMany for efficient data management

In this lesson, we learn that updating arrays within MongoDB documents involves using the `$push` and `$pull` operators.

The `$push` operator allows us to add new items to an array, while combining it with the `$each` operator enables us to add multiple items simultaneously.

We demonstrate how to add "Java" and ".Net" to the skills array.

Conversely, the `$pull` operator removes elements from an array, and we can use the in operator with `$pull` to remove multiple items, such as "Python" and "SQL," based on specified criteria, providing flexibility in array manipulation.

Update Mongo Documents arrays using $push, $pull and $each operations

Update MongoDB arrays with $push and $pull: add single/multiple elements using $each and remove elements using in with $pull.

In this lesson, we learn that updating documents in MongoDB involves using the `updateOne` and `updateMany` methods along with operators like `$set` and `$unset`.

The `$set` operator allows us to modify existing properties or add new ones, even in nested structures, while the `$unset` operator removes specified properties from a document.

We demonstrate how to use these operators to change a document's salary, modify nested personal information, and remove fields like position.

We also show how to combine `$set` and `$unset` in a single operation for efficient data management.


Update Mongo Documents using updateOne, updateMany, $set and $unset operations

Update MongoDB documents with $set and $unset operators: modify, add, and remove properties, including nested fields, in a single operation.

In this lesson, we learn that when querying MongoDB collections, we can control which properties are returned by using projections with the `findOne` method.

We demonstrate how to include or exclude fields by setting them to 1 or 0, respectively. For example, we can choose to include the name and position while excluding the `_id` field.

We also cover how to access nested properties and project specific elements from arrays using the `$slice` operator, allowing for more precise data retrieval based on our needs.

Return a subset of properties of a MongoDB Document (projections, $slice)

Return specific properties from MongoDB documents using projections in the findOne method, including nested fields and array slicing, $slice

In this lesson, we learn that counting documents that meet certain criteria in MongoDB can be done with the countDocuments() method.

We demonstrate how to retrieve the total number of documents when no query is specified and how to filter results using regular expressions.

For example, we can count employees with names containing a lowercase "a" or those with specific skills, using `$regex`.

Additionally, we show how to count documents where age is not equal to a given value, illustrating the versatility of the `countDocuments()` method in various scenarios.


Count documents satisfying a query in MongoDB Collection (countDocuments, $regex, $in)

Count documents in MongoDB collections using countDocuments() with query filters, including regex and specific conditions, using $regex, $in

In this lesson, we learn that searching for a MongoDB document by its ID can be a little tricky in the beginning.

We demonstrate how to use the `_id` field to search for specific documents and emphasize the necessity of wrapping the ID with the `ObjectId` constructor. This step is crucial because failing to do so can result in empty results, underscoring the importance of proper syntax when querying by document ID.


Find Document by id in MongoDB Collections

Find MongoDB documents by their unique _id using the ObjectId constructor without mistakes.

In this lesson, we learn that we can perform advanced filtering in MongoDB by using expressions within our queries. All thanks to `$expr`.

We demonstrate how to compare multiple document properties, such as ensuring age is less than salary using comparison operators (`$lt`, `$lte`, `$gt`, `$in`, `$nin`, etc).

Additionally, we explore filtering based on the length of an array (`$size`) to check for specific skills.


Filtering Documents using Expressions in MongoDB Collections ($expr, $size, $in, $and, etc)

Filter MongoDB documents using expressions $expr with comparison operators $lt, $gt, $eq and array length checks $size

In this lesson, we learn that combining multiple criteria in MongoDB queries can be done using logical operators such as `$and` and `$or`.

We demonstrate how to create queries that filter documents based on various conditions, such as _age_ and _skills_.

Additionally, we explore the use of the `$in` operator for matching any values in an array and the `$all` operator for ensuring all specified values are present.

This lesson provides essential skills for effective use of operators such as: `$in`, `$nin`, `$lt`, `$lte`, `$gt`, `$gte`, `$eq`, `$ne` (and many others) in querying MongoDB collections.



Combine Filtering Documents in MongoDB Collections ($and, $or, $in, $eq, etc)

Combine filtering criteria in MongoDB with logical operators like $and, $or; use $in and $all for array filtering in this lesson on document queries.

In this lesson, we learn that filtering documents from MongoDB collections can be achieved through the `find` and `findOne` methods.

We demonstrate how to use these methods to retrieve documents based on specific criteria, such as names or emails, and how to apply regular expressions for more general searches.

Additionally, we explore filtering by array values and using conditions like less than or greater than for numerical properties.


Filtering Documents in MongoDB Collections (find, findOne)

Learn to filter MongoDB documents using find and findOne methods with query criteria, regex, and array filtering in this lesson on document retrieval.

In this lesson, we learn that inserting documents into a MongoDB collection can be done using the `insertOne` and `insertMany` methods.

We demonstrate how to create new employee objects in JSON format and add them to a collection.

We also show how to view the inserted documents and their automatically generated IDs.

Furthermore, we discuss how to delete documents from a collection using filtering criteria.


Inserting Documents into MongoDB Collections (insertOne, insertMany)

Insert documents into MongoDB collections using the Mongo shell mongosh and MongoDB Compass, using the insertOne and insertMany methods

In this lesson, we learn that creating a MongoDB collection can be done easily through MongoDB Compass or the Mongo shell: `mongosh`.

We cover how to use the GUI to add a new collection and understand that there’s no need for a predefined schema, allowing us to store documents with varying structures.

We also discuss how to remove a collection when it’s no longer needed, demonstrating both methods for flexibility in managing our database.

We also see `find`, `countDocuments` and `drop` MongoDB collection methods in action!


Create or Remove MongoDB Collection

Learn to create and remove MongoDB collections using MongoDB Compass and the Mongo shell in this practical lesson on collection management.

In this lesson, we learn that MongoDB Compass is a graphical user interface for managing MongoDB databases.

We cover how to download and install Compass, create a connection to our local MongoDB instance, and troubleshoot any connection errors.

Additionally, we explore how to navigate the interface to view collections and documents easily.

This lesson provides a practical understanding of using Compass for MongoDB database management.



Access Mongo databases from MongoDB Compass

Learn to access MongoDB databases with MongoDB Compass. Install, connect, and explore data visually, locally and free.

Get started with MongoDB and Docker really quick 🔥 even if you have no backend/fullstack experience.

This lesson guides you through installing Docker Desktop and setting up a MongoDB image.

We explain Docker images and containers, and their roles in providing isolated software environments.

We run a MongoDB image in 2 ways: using the terminal and Docker Desktop

We demonstrates configuring port settings for a container and accessing the MongoDB shell (`mongosh`) to interact with the database.

We learn how to manage Docker containers, configure settings, and run commands inside the container.

Grab the CLI command: 🔥 `docker run --name some-mongo -d mongo:latest` 🔥

Install Docker to run local MongoDB Container

Learn to install Docker Desktop, set up a MongoDB image, and manage containers. Configure ports and access the Mongo shell

PostgreSQL is a powerful, open source object-relational database system.

postgres

We create a PostgreSQL join table for `likes` in the [Supabase](https://supabase.com) dashboard. This has a many-to-many relationship between the `profiles` and `tweets` table, allowing us to store each instance of a like between a user and a tweet.

Additionally, we create Row Level Security (RLS) polices to enable `select`, `insert` and `delete`.

## Code Snippets

**Create likes table**

```sql
create table public.likes (
  id uuid default gen_random_uuid() primary key,
  created_at timestamp with time zone default timezone('utc'::text, now()) not null,
  user_id uuid references public.profiles on delete cascade not null,
  tweet_id uuid references public.tweets on delete cascade not null
);
```

**Enable Row Level Security**

```sql
alter table public.likes enable row level security;
```

**Enable insert action with RLS policy**

```sql
create policy "authenticated users can insert their own likes" ON "public"."likes"
as permissive for select
to authenticated
using (user_id = auth.uid());
```

**Enable delete action with RLS policy**

```sql
create policy "authenticated users can delete their own likes" ON "public"."likes"
as permissive for delete
to authenticated
using (user_id = auth.uid());
```

**Enable select action with RLS policy**

```sql
create policy "authenticated users can select likes" ON "public"."likes"
as permissive for select
to authenticated
using (true);
```

## Resources

- [Managing user data docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/managing-user-data)
- [Row Level Security docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/row-level-security)

Create a PostgreSQL Join Table in Supabase Studio

[Supabase](https://supabase.com/) has an `auth.users` table that contains information about our user and their session. We want to display the user's name, username and avatar alongside their tweets, but the `auth.users` table cannot be publicly accessible, as it contains sensitive information.

In this lesson, we create a new table called `profiles` and populate it with the data we want to display from the `auth.users` table. Additionally, we set up a PostgreSQL Function and Trigger to create a new profile for any user added to the `auth.users` table.

Lastly, we create an RLS policy for the `profiles` table to enable read access, and re-generate our TypeScript definitions file to contain our new table.

## Code Snippets

**Create profiles table**

```sql
create table public.profiles (
  id uuid not null references auth.users on delete cascade primary key,
  name text not null,
  username text not null,
  avatar_url text not null
);
```

**Enable Row Level Security**

```sql
alter table public.profiles enable row level security;
```

**Enable read access with RLS policy**

```sql
create policy "anyone can select profiles" ON "public"."profiles"
as permissive for select
to public
using (true);
```

**Create PostgreSQL Function to create profile**

```sql
create function public.create_profile_for_user()
returns trigger
language plpgsql
security definer set search_path = public
as $$
begin
  insert into public.profiles (id, name, username, avatar_url)
  values (
    new.id,
    new.raw_user_meta_data->'name',
    new.raw_user_meta_data->'user_name',
    new.raw_user_meta_data->'avatar_url'
  );
  return new;
end;
$$;
```

**Create PostgreSQL Trigger to create profile**

```sql
create trigger on_auth_user_created
  after insert on auth.users
  for each row execute procedure public.create_profile_for_user();
```

## Resources

- [Managing user data docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/managing-user-data)
- [Row Level Security docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/row-level-security)

Automatically Generate a Profile for Every User with PostgreSQL Function Triggers

[Supabase](https://supabase.com/) uses the `auth.users` table to store information about our users and their sessions. In this lesson, we add a column to the `tweets` table to associate each tweet with one of our users.

Additionally, we set up cascading deletes, so when a user is deleted from the `auth.users` table, their tweets are also deleted.

Lastly, because our database schema has changed, our TypeScript definitions are now incorrect. Therefore, we use the Supabase CLI to introspect our PostgreSQL schema and create a new `database.types.ts` file.

## Code Snippets

**Add foreign key relationship to auth.users**

```sql
alter table public.tweets
add user_id uuid references auth.users on delete cascade not null;
```

**Generate TypeScript definitions**

```bash
npx supabase gen types typescript --project-id your-project-id > lib/database.types.ts
```

## Resources

- [Supabase Auth docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth)
- [Supabase CLI](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/cli)
- [Generating TypeScript definitions](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/api/rest/generating-types)

Setup a Foreign Key relationship between PostgreSQL tables

Next.js is a minimalistic framework for server-rendered React applications.

Since we're using [Supabase](https://supabase.com/) to authenticate our users, it knows who our user is throughout the rest of the Supabase environment.

In this lesson, we modify our Row Level Security (RLS) policy to only apply to the `authenticated` role to ensure that only authenticated users can select tweets.

Additionally, we use the `useRouter` hook and `router.refresh()` to run our Server Component again and fetch fresh data from Supabase, after the user signs in or out.

## Code Snippets

**Enable authenticated read access with RLS policy**

```sql
create policy "anyone can select tweets" ON "public"."tweets"
as permissive for select
to authenticated
using (true);
```

## Resources

- [Row Level Security docs](https://supabase.com/docs/guides/auth/row-level-security)
- [useRouter hook](https://nextjs.org/docs/app/api-reference/functions/use-router#userouter)

Restrict Access to Authenticated Users with Supabase RLS Policies

[Supabase](https://supabase.com/) is a collection of open source tools that wrap around a PostgreSQL database - Hosting, Auth, Realtime, File Storage, Edge Functions etc. In this lesson, we go to [database.new](https://database.new) to create a free Supabase project.

Additionally, we create a `tweets` table and populate it with some seed data.

## Code Snippets

**Create a `tweets` table**

```sql
create table if not exists tweets (
  id uuid default gen_random_uuid() primary key,
  created_at timestamp with time zone default timezone('utc'::text, now()) not null,
  title text not null
);
```

**Insert tweets**

```sql
insert into tweets(title)
values
  ('first tweet'),
  ('second tweet'),
  ('third tweet');
```

## Resources

- [Supabase docs](https://supabase.com/docs)
- [Supabase SQL Editor](https://app.supabase.com/project/_/sql)

Create a New Supabase Project and Basic PostgreSQL Schema

Establish an automated, AI-driven workflow for implementing UI designs by comparing live development versions against target screenshots. This lesson integrates the Playwright MCP server for browser automation, a custom script using Pixelmatch for visual diffing, and Cursor Rules for persistent context. See how to instruct the Cursor Agent to iteratively implement design changes based on visual diff feedback, creating a robust loop where the AI refines the UI towards the target design.

**Workflow demonstrated in this lesson:**

*   Configure the Playwright MCP server within Cursor for browser control.
*   Use the Agent and Playwright MCP tools (`browser_navigate`, `browser_resize`, `browser_take_screenshot`) to capture baseline and current state PNG screenshots.
*   Install `pixelmatch` and `pngjs` dependencies.
*   Guide the Agent to create and run a TypeScript script (`compare-images.ts`) to generate visual diff images between screenshots.
*   Establish Cursor Rules (`visual-testing.mdc`, `project-setup.mdc`, etc.) to provide the Agent with necessary context about directories, scripts, dependencies, and the overall workflow.
*   Initiate an AI-driven design implementation loop:
    *   Agent captures the current state via Playwright.
    *   Agent runs the comparison script to get a visual diff.
    *   Agent analyzes the diff and implements code changes in the project (e.g., `app/page.tsx`, components, `globals.css`).
    *   Repeat the capture-compare-implement cycle, using the latest diff as feedback.
*   Use context files and prompts like "Please continue" to manage the multi-step process and guide the AI through potential interruptions.

**Key benefits:**

*   Creates an iterative, AI-driven workflow for implementing designs based on visual comparisons.
*   Combines browser automation (Playwright) and pixel-level diffing (Pixelmatch) within the Cursor environment.
*   Utilizes Cursor Rules to effectively manage context and guide the AI through complex, multi-step tasks.
*   Demonstrates how visual diffs can serve as direct feedback for AI-driven UI code generation and refinement.

John Lindquist

AI-Driven Design Workflow: Playwright MCP Screenshots, Visual Diffs, and Cursor Rules

[Scraped MCP Examples](https://gist.github.com/johnlindquist/b19673bbf6a396406dff869beecace1d)
[ghx tool](https://www.npmjs.com/package/@johnlindquist/ghx)

Building complex components like Model Context Protocol (MCP) servers from scratch can be challenging, especially without good reference implementations. This lesson demonstrates a powerful workflow combining the `ghx` CLI tool with AI assistants (like Google's AI Studio and Cursor's agent) to overcome this hurdle.

You'll learn how to:

1.  **Use `ghx`:** Leverage the `ghx` command-line tool (which wraps the GitHub CLI) to search GitHub for real-world code examples based on specific import paths (e.g., `modelcontextprotocol/sdk/server/mcp.js`).
2.  **Refine Search Results:** Use `ghx` options (`--help`, `--limit`, `--max-filename`, `NOT demo`) within Cursor's chat to filter results, exclude simple demos, and gather a rich set of relevant MCP server implementations.
3.  **Provide AI Context:** Copy the aggregated code examples found by `ghx` into an AI environment like Google AI Studio (or ChatGPT).
4.  **Handle Context Limits:** See techniques for trimming large context files (like using Cursor's `Cmd+K` inline edit with `head -n` commands) to fit within model limits while retaining valuable examples.
5.  **Generate Code:** Prompt the AI (Gemini 2.5 Pro in AI Studio or ChatGPT O3) to generate a *new* MCP server (e.g., with five distinct tools) based *solely* on the provided real-world examples.
6.  **Integrate and Debug:** Set up the generated TypeScript code (`mcp_server.ts`) locally in Cursor, install dependencies (`pnpm install`), and use Cursor's agent (`Cmd+I`) or inline fixes (`Cmd+K`) to resolve TypeScript errors and path issues.
7.  **Configure in Cursor:** Add the newly created MCP server (running via `bun mcp_server.ts`) to Cursor's MCP settings, using the absolute path and the `bun` command.
8.  **Test the MCP Server:** Interact with Cursor's chat agent to call the custom tools (e.g., `add_note`, `list_notes`, `write_managed_file`) defined in the AI-generated MCP server, verifying its functionality.

This lesson showcases how combining targeted code searching (`ghx`) with the generative power of AI, fueled by relevant examples, can dramatically accelerate the process of building and bootstrapping complex tools and applications.

Generate and Debug MCP Servers from Scratch

Hey Everyone 👋,

John Lindquist here with the second issue of AI Dev Essentials! It's been another busy week in the AI tooling world. The biggest splash was probably GPT-4.1 hitting the streets, but there's plenty more action around MCP, Vercel's v0, Google's developer tools, and interesting community discussions. I've spent some time with GPT-4.1 already (specifically in Cursor), and while it shows promise, it didn't quite convince me to switch from Gemini 2.5 Pro yet. It stumbled on a few basic requests where Gemini usually shines on the first attempt.

---

### New egghead.io Lesson This Week:

* **[Create a Custom MCP that Calls Cursor Tools](https://egghead.io/create-a-custom-mcp-that-calls-cursor-tools~r77sw):** Learn how to build custom MCP server tools that allow Cursor's AI Agent to access your local project context. This lesson shows how to use Zod schemas and the crucial `.describe()` method to explicitly request information (like Git status or version) from the Cursor environment *before* your tool runs, enabling powerful, context-aware automation.

---

Here are the highlights that caught my eye this past week.

## Model Mania: GPT-4.1 Arrives, Plus Grok & Llama Updates

* **GPT-4.1 Lands:** OpenAI announced GPT-4.1, and it quickly became available via the [API](https://openai.com/live/) and showed up in [Cursor](https://x.com/cursor_ai/status/1911835651810738406). Cursor is offering it free for now to let users get a feel for it, though they don't recommend it as a default just yet. Curious to hear initial impressions from folks testing it out for coding tasks.

* **Grok 3 in Cursor:** Following other model additions, [Cursor also enabled Grok 3 models](https://x.com/amanrsanger/status/1910434915419906141), with the mini version available for free users. Aman Sanger noted it seems to "think upfront more than other models."

* **Community Hack: Llama 4.0 via Groq in Cursor:** Levi Dan shared a [detailed (and slightly hacky) guide](https://x.com/lxvi_brg/status/1908865544721154455) on how to wire up Groq's fast Llama 4.0 API into Cursor by using the OpenAI API key slot and intercepting requests. A clever workaround for the adventurous!

## Tooling & Platform Pulse

Lots of movement across different platforms and tools this week:

* **Vercel Ecosystem:**

  * Guillermo Rauch teased [v0 coming to VS Code](https://x.com/rauchg/status/1911524154458984515), hinting at tighter integration for the UI generation tool.

  * v0 also [added AI integrations](https://x.com/v0/status/1911912183149256943) with models from xai (Grok), FAL, Groq, and DeepInfra, including automatic API key setup and pay-as-you-go billing via Vercel Marketplace. They're offering a $10 credit for the Grok free tier.

  * Vercel shared insights on the [grep.app migration from CRA to Next.js](http://grep.app/), showcasing performance improvements. ([Source](https://x.com/rauchg/status/1911920410020757881)) I'm personally excited about this one – I rely heavily on examples when working with AI, and for me, a good example is often worth ten prompts. Tools like `grep.app` that make code discovery easier are invaluable.

* **Google's Growing Stack:**

  * Project IDX has officially become [Firebase Studio](https://x.com/_davideast/status/1909990728593453455), positioning itself as a cloud-based, agentic dev environment for full-stack AI apps, deeply integrated with Firebase. I've tried spinning up a few sites with it, and the speed is impressive. However, for more complex tasks like designing from images or intricate interactions, I still find myself leaning towards v0 for now.

  * Google quietly released the [Agent Development Kit (ADK)](https://x.com/omarsar0/status/1910004370864742757), a Python library (`pip install google-adk`) for building multi-agent systems with features like state management, tool usage, and orchestration. I haven't had a chance to dive into this yet, but it's right at the top of my list. Building robust agent systems is a huge area of interest, so this is probably the announcement I'm most excited about exploring this week.

  * Ramón Medrano Llamas shared his experience [moving back to VS Code from Cursor](https://x.com/rmedranollamas/status/1909516749612999149), highlighting the effectiveness of GitHub Copilot combined with the Gemini Code Assist extension (using Gemini 2.5 Pro in Agent Mode). I gave the Gemini Code Assist extension a try myself, but as someone deeply embedded in the Cursor workflow with established keyboard shortcuts and patterns, I struggled to find a flow I liked and didn't stick with it for long. It's interesting to see different perspectives, though!

  * AI features are rolling out more broadly in [Chrome](https://x.com/iam_chonchol/status/1909942954686636224), including text grabbing from YouTube videos and Google Lens integration.

* **Cloudflare Corner:**

  * Big news for edge compute: [Cloudflare Containers are coming to Open Beta in June](https://x.com/CherryJimbo/status/1910682562499850405), enabling running containerized apps (Next.js, Go, PHP confirmed) directly on the edge. This is huge news, in my opinion. Think about all the WordPress sites and other applications that rely on containerization. Opening this up on the edge unlocks incredible possibilities, including for AI applications. I'm super hyped to see what people build with this come June.

  * A new tool, [MCPify.ai](http://mcpify.ai/), launched for building MCP servers conversationally, built entirely on Cloudflare Workers and Durable Objects. ([Source](https://x.com/pbteja1998/status/1911723180445610149))

  * Securing MCP servers is getting easier, with examples shared using [WorkOS AuthKit](https://x.com/WorkOS/status/1910722639036874943) and [Auth0](https://x.com/dschenkelman/status/1910693265566728319).

* **IDE Updates:**

  * JetBrains shared the public [WebStorm roadmap for March-April](https://youtrack.jetbrains.com/issue/WEB-72310). ([Source](https://x.com/WebStormIDE/status/1909291367504748937))

> **✨ Workshop Spotlight: Conquer the Complexity of Cursor (Europe Friendly Time!) ✨**
>
> Missed the last workshop or found the timing tricky? This one's for you! Master practical AI development workflows in Cursor in a session scheduled for **12:00 PM UTC** to better accommodate European attendees.
>
> This hands-on workshop covers Agents, Ask, Custom Modes, multi-file analysis, effective prompting, Cursor rules, and strategies for handling AI failures. Unlock Cursor's potential and streamline your development process.
>
> * **When:** \[Check website for upcoming dates - This session is Europe-friendly at 12:00 PM UTC\]
>
> * **Where:** Zoom (Live Q&A included)
>
> * **Investment:** $149
>
> ➡️ [**Read More about the Workshop**](https://egghead.io/workshop/cursor)
> ➡️ [**Register Now ($149)**](https://buy.stripe.com/7sI7tT81dfpC06s28c)
>
> *(Team training also available)*

## Community Buzz & Resources

* **MCP Explained:** Kent C. Dodds wrote a piece explaining [why he's excited about Model Context Protocol (MCP)](https://www.epicai.pro/the-game-changing-potential-of-model-context-protocol) and its potential. ([Source](https://x.com/kentcdodds/status/1911840456432034112))

* **Prompting Guide:** Ian Nuttall surfaced [v7 of Google's Prompt Engineering Guide](https://x.com/iannuttall/status/1911086164196606314), a deep dive into techniques and best practices. Definitely worth a look.

* **Discussion Starter:** Eric Zakariasson asked the community about their [favorite CLIs and MCP servers to use with the Cursor agent](https://x.com/ericzakariasson/status/1910808935961088346). What are you all using?

* **Gemini 2.5 Pro Praise:** The positive buzz around Gemini 2.5 Pro continues to grow in the community. It's getting rave reviews and even achieving 'S-tier' status on social platforms like Reddit for its coding capabilities. ([Source](https://x.com/suchenzang/status/1911251230317490416))

That’s a wrap for this week! There's always so much happening, it's hard to keep up, but hopefully, this helps surface some of the more interesting bits for developers working with AI.

If you have any feedback or questions, feel free to respond to this email. Always happy to talk shop about the latest AI tools.

John Lindquist

[egghead.io](https://egghead.io)

AI Dev Essentials #2: GPT-4.1 Arrives, MCP Deep Dive & Google's Agent Dev Kit

AI Dev Essentials #2: GPT-4.1 & Gemini updates, MCP tools, Vercel v0, Google ADK, Cloudflare Containers news. Latest AI dev tooling highlights.

In this quick walkthrough, you’ll learn how to drop Nx into an existing npm or pnpm workspace and immediately benefit from project graph visualization, caching, and smart task orchestration, all without rewriting your setup.

You’ll start with a standard React monorepo containing a Vite app, a UI package, and utility functions. Then, using a single command (`nx init`), you’ll initialize Nx and see how it auto-detects your existing scripts, builds a dependency graph, and enables advanced features like affected commands and local caching.

We're also going to explore optional enhancements using Nx plugins for Vite and React. You’ll see how they help Nx infer tasks directly from your Vite config files, improve DX with the Nx Console VS Code extension, and leverage Nx plugin generators to scaffold code with a consistent structure.

What you’ll learn
- How to initialize Nx in an existing npm or pnpm monorepo
- How Nx understands your workspace structure and scripts
- How local caching and affected builds speed up development
- How optional Nx plugins improve DX without adding bloat
- How to scaffold new packages

Using Nx on an existing React and NPM workspace based monorepo

Applying Nx to an existing React monorepo to enable caching, task orchestration, and project graph analysis without changing your current setup.

Typing repetitive or complex instructions for Cursor's AI agent can slow down your workflow. This lesson teaches you how to create custom slash commands (e.g., `/s term`, `/l`, `/c`) using Cursor's "Rules" feature. Learn how to map these simple shortcuts to specific AI actions, instructing the agent to use precise tools like `codebase_search`, `edit_file`, or `run_terminal_cmd` based on your command and the current conversation context.

**Workflow demonstrated in this lesson:**

*   List available AI tools (built-in and MCP) to get their exact names.
*   Navigate to Cursor Settings -> Rules.
*   Define custom rules under a heading (e.g., `## Slash Commands`).
*   Create rules mapping a slash command pattern (like `/s <term>`) to a detailed instruction specifying which tool to use and how (e.g., "Use the codebase_search tool to search for <term/>").
*   Define rules that leverage conversation context (e.g., for summarizing notes or creating commit messages).
*   Save the rules (potentially in `.cursor/rules/project.mdc` for team sharing).
*   Invoke the custom slash commands (e.g., `/s handle`, `/l`, `/c`) in the chat/agent window.
*   Observe the AI understanding the shortcut and executing the intended tool call.

**Key benefits:**

*   Creates efficient, reusable shortcuts for common AI interactions.
*   Reduces the need for typing lengthy, detailed prompts repeatedly.
*   Allows mapping simple commands to specific Cursor tool invocations.
*   Enables commands that leverage the ongoing conversation context.
*   Improves workflow speed and consistency when working with the AI agent.

Speed Up Your Agents with Cursor Slash Commands

Hey Everyone 👋,

John Lindquist here. Since I've been diving deep into AI tooling and workflows over the past year, I'm starting this weekly newsletter to share updates on what interests me and could be helpful to the community. The goal is to help everyone stay up-to-date with the latest in essentials tools for AI devs.

I'll focus on relevant community news, model evaluations for coding, notable tools like Cursor and Windsurf, and practical workflows (including tools I build myself 😇). This week kicks off Cloudflare Developer Week with major announcements around agent/MCP services that many of us will likely use soon (I'll dig in and share my thoughts next issue). There are also lots of hints about new coding models possibly coming to Cursor (though my preference remains Gemini 2.5). Personally, I'm hoping for a Gemini Flash 2.5 variant. So let's hop into the latest! For my detailed, up-to-date workflows, check out the workshop info below.

Recent egghead.io lessons about AI tooling:

* **[Swarm Intelligence: Massively Parallelize Your AI Agents in Cursor](https://egghead.io/swarm-intelligence-massively-parallelize-your-ai-agents-in-cursor~g7u2g):** A workflow using `file-forge`, AI scripting, and a custom `git worktree` tool (`wt`) to launch parallel Cursor agents on different branches.
* **[Build a Better Edit Tool in Cursor with Custom Agent Modes](https://egghead.io/build-a-better-edit-tool-in-cursor-with-custom-agent-modes~21rr0):** Create a focused 'edit mode' in Cursor for precise AI refactors without conversational overhead, overcoming Command-K limitations.
* **[Visually Clone Websites with Gemini 2.5 Canvas for Cursor](https://egghead.io/visually-clone-websites-with-gemini-2-5-canvas-for-cursor~s5ugk):** Use Gemini 2.5 Pro's Canvas feature within Cursor to analyze and replicate website structures.

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## Cloudflare Developer Week: Agent & Platform Updates

Cloudflare announced several updates relevant to AI application development:

* **Durable Objects Free Tier:** Lowers the barrier for experimenting with stateful serverless and the Agents SDK. ([Rita Kozlov](https://x.com/ritakozlov_/status/1909231625855983939))
* **MCP Enhancements:** BYO Auth (incl. [Auth0](https://x.com/auth0/status/1909307220816228354)) and Hibernation for MCP servers aim to improve agent security and efficiency. Exercise caution with MCP, but these are steps toward production viability.
* **Workflows GA & autoRAG:** Orchestration tool is now GA; a new autoRAG product indicates more integrated AI solutions.
* **Outerbase Acquisition:** Expect Durable Objects usability improvements following this acquisition. ([Rita Kozlov](https://x.com/ritakozlov_/status/1909232149246492887))
* **OpenNext Adapter Beta:** v1.0-beta for deploying Next.js apps on Cloudflare Pages adds caching, PPR, middleware support. ([CloudflareDev](https://x.com/CloudflareDev/status/1909598450871652398))

**Summary:** Cloudflare is actively enhancing its platform for AI/agent development, particularly reducing friction with Durable Objects and MCP.

## Llama 4 & Nemotron-Ultra Released

Meta's Llama 4 models began rolling out, with initial reports of variable quality across implementations. Meta attributes this to implementation stabilization, denying training on test sets ([Ahmad Al-Dahle](https://x.com/Ahmad_Al_Dahle/status/1909302532306092107)). Nvidia subsequently released **Llama-Nemotron-Ultra** (253B parameters), derived from Llama-405B via pruning and reasoning-focused post-training. Open weights and data are available ([Oleksii Kuchaiev](https://x.com/kuchaev/status/1909444566379573646)).

**Summary:** More powerful open models are available. Llama 4's initial rollout highlights the importance of stable implementations. Nemotron-Ultra adds a high-end specialized option.

---

## Quasar Alpha: Stealth Model on OpenRouter

OpenRouter provides early access to "Quasar Alpha," a model with limited public details but notable claims: 1M token context, benchmarks reportedly surpassing Claude 3.7 Sonnet, and >4x faster speeds. Reports suggest strong coding performance comparable to O3 Mini/DeepSeek R1 but significantly faster ([Matthew Berman's Thread](https://x.com/TheMattBerman/status/1908286423976886371)). The originating lab remains anonymous; speculation includes GPT-5, Claude 4, or Gemini 3.

**Summary:** The combination of large context, speed, and reported coding strength warrants attention for agentic workflows and large codebase analysis, despite benchmark caveats. Worth testing via OpenRouter if accessible.

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**✨ Workshop Spotlight: Conquer the Complexity of Cursor ✨**

Master practical AI development workflows in Cursor. This hands-on workshop covers Agents, Ask, Custom Modes, multi-file analysis, effective prompting, Cursor rules, and strategies for handling AI failures.

* **When:** **This Thursday!** April 10, 2025, 9:00 AM - 2:00 PM (PDT)
* **Where:** Zoom (Live Q&A included)
* **Investment:** $149

Unlock Cursor's potential and streamline your development process.

➡️ [**Read More about the Workshop**](https://egghead.io/workshop/cursor)
➡️ [**Register Now ($149)**](https://buy.stripe.com/dR67tT4P17Xa8CYfZ1)

*(Team training also available)*

---

## Quick Links

* **Nightwhisper Buzz:** Highly-rated coding model "Nightwhisper" (rumored Gemini 2.5 variant?) left LMSys Arena; release may be imminent. ([ʟᴇɢɪᴛ Tweet](https://x.com/legit_api/status/1908264443827351913), [AiBattle Tweet](https://x.com/AiBattle_/status/1907519430961025476))
* **AI SDK Speech-to-Text:** Vercel AI SDK added a `transcribe` function. ([AI SDK Tweet](https://x.com/aisdk/status/1909603418639155460))
* **Gemini 2.5 Pro Updates:** Supports YouTube URLs as input in AI Studio (transcribe, summarize, analyze); reported improvements reducing stop issues/displaying thinking tokens. ([Jean Gatt Tweet](https://x.com/jean__gatt/status/1909256747518226829), [Eric Zakariasson Tweet](https://x.com/ericzakariasson/status/1908619515023548880))
* **Baby Cursor Project:** Cursor's Ryo Lu is building a rapid prototyping environment for IDE ideas. ([Ryo Lu Tweet](https://x.com/ryolu_/status/1908328050154233863))
* **(Rumor) Qwen3 Soon?:** Hints suggest Alibaba's Qwen3 model release is near. ([Elaina Tweet](https://x.com/Elaina43114880/status/1909572798944841859))

---

If you have any feedback or any questions, feel free to respond to this email. Always happy to talk shop about the latest AI tools.

John Lindquist

[egghead.io](https://egghead.io)

AI Dev Essentials #1: Cloudflare agent updates, Llama 4/Nemotron/Quasar models, Cursor workshop

Cursor's AI Agent has the abilitly to invoke MCP tools, but they lack direct access to your project. This lesson shows how to build custom MCP (Model Context Protocol) server tools that bridge this gap. Learn to define tool parameters using Zod schemas and the crucial `.describe()` method to explicitly request necessary context from the Cursor environment *before* your tool runs. See how the AI gathers this information (like Git status or version via terminal commands, or web search results) and passes it to your tool, enabling powerful, context-aware automation.

**Workflow demonstrated in this lesson:**

*   Scaffold a basic MCP server using a Cloudflare template (`pnpm create cloudflare`).
*   Run the MCP server locally and configure it in Cursor settings.
*   Define MCP tools (e.g., `status`) within the server code (`index.ts`).
*   Specify required context for tools using Zod schema parameters and `.describe()` (e.g., requesting "The status of the git repository").
*   Interact with the Cursor Agent using natural language (e.g., "Please check the status").
*   Observe the Agent's thought process: identifying the need for specific context based on the `.describe()` text.
*   See the Agent automatically using its *own* tools (like `run_terminal_cmd` or `web_search`) to gather the requested context *before* calling your MCP tool.
*   Watch the Agent call your MCP tool, passing the gathered local context (Git status, version, etc.) as arguments.
*   Receive the final response from the Agent, incorporating the information provided by your local MCP tool.

**Key benefits:**

*   Allows Cursor's AI to access and reason about information from your local machine (Git status, versions, file contents, etc.).
*   Enables the creation of AI tools that directly interact with or report on your local development environment.
*   Demonstrates the power of using `.describe()` in Zod schemas to guide the AI in gathering necessary context automatically.
*   Unlocks advanced automation possibilities by combining AI reasoning with local machine access.

Create a Custom MCP that Calls Cursor Tools

Vimium's Vomnibar is a "command palette"-like search tool for your open tabs, browser history, and bookmarks. We can search through and jump to any tab open across browser windows. We can also do a generalized search with results that also include browser history and bookmarks which can either be opened in the current tab or a new tab. If you're anything like me, you open tons of tabs and visit hundreds of webpages over the course of a week. The vomnibar puts all of that at your fingertips.

Josh Branchaud

Open Tabs, Browser History, and Bookmarks with the Vomnibar

Vimium's Vomnibar is a "command palette"-like search tool for your open tabs, browser history, and bookmarks.

Another aspect of Vimium's configurability is customizable key mappings. We can add new mappings and override existing ones. If there is a certain Vimium feature you want to make easier to trigger, adjust the key mapping to suit your needs.

Configure Custom Vimium Key Mappings

Another aspect of Vimium's configurability is customizable key mappings. We can add new mappings and override existing ones.

Many aspects of Vimium can be configured in order to bend the tool to your specific needs and use cases. We look at how to configure what sites turn off Vimium, the default search engine, link hint characters, and other basic settings. We also see how both insert mode and searching a visual selection work. Custom keymappings and custom search engines are covered in subsequent lessons.

Configure Basic Aspects of Vimium

Many aspects of Vimium can be configured in order to bend the tool to your specific needs and use cases.